After the energy of the universe?

After the energy of the universe?

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anonymous-user

Original Poster:

61 months

Tuesday 30th May 2023
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Following on from the big bang thread, the next question is what will happen to universe once all the energy has been used up?

President Merkin

4,297 posts

26 months

Tuesday 30th May 2023
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That nice Mr. Cox suggests the leading theory now is Thermodynamic equiibrium, heat death, the big chill, call it what you will. Cold, dark, not much going on anywhere. Second law of thermodynamics and all that.

TwigtheWonderkid

44,664 posts

157 months

Thursday 1st June 2023
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pocketspring said:
Following on from the big bang thread, the next question is what will happen to universe once all the energy has been used up?
I didn't think energy got used up, it just gets converted into something else. But I'm not much cop with all this stuff.

ZedLeg

12,278 posts

115 months

Thursday 1st June 2023
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Aye as above heat death. Heat is the last stage for all energy and any heat that doesn’t get captured somewhere drifts off into space and is lost. We’ll hit a point (well probably not humans but someone) where we can’t scavenge enough energy to sustain ourselves and that will happen everywhere. Functional end of the universe.

glenrobbo

36,556 posts

157 months

Thursday 1st June 2023
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MDUBZ

925 posts

107 months

Thursday 1st June 2023
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For all the energy to be gone/exhausted doesn’t that also mean there would also be no matter.. and if there is no matter then there is no space and time which takes us back to a singularity?

ZedLeg

12,278 posts

115 months

Thursday 1st June 2023
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MDUBZ said:
For all the energy to be gone/exhausted doesn’t that also mean there would also be no matter.. and if there is no matter then there is no space and time which takes us back to a singularity?
There would still be matter, it would just be inert and/or deep frozen. As the temperature drops to 0deg Kelvin all matter will completely freeze.

MDUBZ

925 posts

107 months

Thursday 1st June 2023
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I get the cold bit, but if matter still has a mass does that mean that all energy has actually been exhausted? Einsteins theory of mass and energy equivalency would suggest not? Or as it is inert it’s just potential energy.. stupid question probably?

ZedLeg

12,278 posts

115 months

Thursday 1st June 2023
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Yeah kind of, inert matter doesn't have any energy of it's own.

Take a block of granite, if you don't interact it'll just sit there forever. Pick it up, throw it, heat it until it glows, it's now full of energy but it's all transferred from whatever source interacted. When you stop interacting, the energy will eventually leach out and it will once again be inert. That's essentially what's happened at heat death, all the energy from everything has leached out and drifted off into the void. Leaving nothing but cold, dark and inert matter.

46and2

788 posts

40 months

Thursday 1st June 2023
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Would there not still be gravity?

ZedLeg

12,278 posts

115 months

Thursday 1st June 2023
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That's a good question, I had to look it up laugh

Gravity would still exist around objects in space but we wouldn't have star systems etc as the stars that hold them together would be long gone.

FourWheelDrift

89,631 posts

291 months

Thursday 1st June 2023
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46and2 said:
Would there not still be gravity?
Gravity will always be there. Big bang, lots of energy, lots of matter, over time local gravity pulls it together to form galaxies and planets, then after the explosive energy has disappeared gravity pulls galaxies back colliding and merging together forming larger masses of gravity pulling all the galaxies back into one big lump. It's unstable it explodes throwing matter out, universe 2.0 is created, or possible universe 111104826287. Since it's on a repeat.

President Merkin

4,297 posts

26 months

Thursday 1st June 2023
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ZedLeg said:
That's a good question, I had to look it up laugh

Gravity would still exist around objects in space but we wouldn't have star systems etc as the stars that hold them together would be long gone.
According to Coxy - yes I just watched the video again, in the end, there will be no matter for gravity to act upon The last of it, black dwarves and black holes. It will evaporate into radiation & float off into the cosmos as an ever expanding universe heads towards absolute zero. No temperature = no work = no anything, 2nd law of thermodynamics again etc. Essentially, Slough but much larger.

Speed1283

1,175 posts

102 months

Thursday 1st June 2023
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President Merkin said:
According to Coxy - yes I just watched the video again, in the end, there will be no matter for gravity to act upon The last of it, black dwarves and black holes. It will evaporate into radiation & float off into the cosmos as an ever expanding universe heads towards absolute zero. No temperature = no work = no anything, 2nd law of thermodynamics again etc. Essentially, Slough but much larger.
Yep I can't remember the timeframe but it was something with many many many zeros... Nothing but photons and leptons left.

glazbagun

14,464 posts

204 months

Wednesday 12th July 2023
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Heat death is awesome. This is my favourite fan edit on youtube when I get really annoyed about something insignificant. Watch on full screen with headphones, it really sucks you in:



The sun dies three mins in. The last star in the universe is dead by around four and a half mins... the video is half an hour long. laugh



I too like the idea that once everything is reduced to radiation then time and space become meaningless and you end up with a singularity

Skeptisk

8,234 posts

116 months

Thursday 13th July 2023
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I think energy is always conserved. It never gets used up. I think perhaps the OP means free or useful energy ie energy that can do work, also associated with the concept of entropy. Currently it looks like the universe is expanding (and rare of expansion accelerating) and that entropy will increase over time meaning that the same energy will be spread out over much larger volume.

57Ford

4,519 posts

141 months

Thursday 13th July 2023
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I just watched about a third of the timelapse video. It’s truly awesome stuff and I think I got to around a hundred thousand trillion trillion years. It’s going to be a bit dark and chilly by then.
I’ll watch it again when I’m not supposed to be getting on with some work but the message I’ve got so far is that it seems we do have time for a nice cup of tea.

TwigtheWonderkid

44,664 posts

157 months

Thursday 13th July 2023
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ZedLeg said:
Yeah kind of, inert matter doesn't have any energy of it's own.

Take a block of granite, if you don't interact it'll just sit there forever. Pick it up, throw it, heat it until it glows, it's now full of energy but it's all transferred from whatever source interacted. When you stop interacting, the energy will eventually leach out and it will once again be inert. That's essentially what's happened at heat death, all the energy from everything has leached out and drifted off into the void. Leaving nothing but cold, dark and inert matter.
As the block of granite cools down, surely the rest of the planet will heat up, if only by an indetectable amount. The heat from with granite dissipates into the air around it. According to chaos theory, that might be what eventually causes a hurricane in Florida.

CanAm

10,052 posts

279 months

Thursday 13th July 2023
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glenrobbo said:
Why not book a table at Milliaways?

https://www.google.com/search?q=the+restaurant+at+...
If there’s a chance of bumping into Eccentrica Gallumbits, I’ll give it a try.

ZedLeg

12,278 posts

115 months

Thursday 13th July 2023
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TwigtheWonderkid said:
ZedLeg said:
Yeah kind of, inert matter doesn't have any energy of it's own.

Take a block of granite, if you don't interact it'll just sit there forever. Pick it up, throw it, heat it until it glows, it's now full of energy but it's all transferred from whatever source interacted. When you stop interacting, the energy will eventually leach out and it will once again be inert. That's essentially what's happened at heat death, all the energy from everything has leached out and drifted off into the void. Leaving nothing but cold, dark and inert matter.
As the block of granite cools down, surely the rest of the planet will heat up, if only by an indetectable amount. The heat from with granite dissipates into the air around it. According to chaos theory, that might be what eventually causes a hurricane in Florida.
I was using the block as a relatable proxy for a planetary body so while you’re right in theory, it’s not hugely relevant to my point.