Calculating APR
Author
Discussion

Jazzer

Original Poster:

1,758 posts

234 months

Wednesday 27th November 2013
quotequote all
Hi all,
I'm looking for some help.
I'm a mathematical chap who has a decent grasp of financial matters.
However, I cannot find, for the life of me, a clear definition of APR and how to calculate it manually.
It seems that everyone has a view, but the views seem to differ, both within countries and across countries.

Take this example....

Personal loan for £20000 (including £3000 in fees) over 3 years, 10% annual rate.

What do you think is the APR?

How are you arriving at your answer?

Sorry to be such an anorak!

Mojooo

13,291 posts

210 months

Wednesday 27th November 2013
quotequote all
This is the current UK standards for most loans

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2010/1011/sched...

it stems from the EU so likely to be same across eu

Jazzer

Original Poster:

1,758 posts

234 months

Wednesday 27th November 2013
quotequote all
Thanks.

I'm aware of this, but it's way over the top for what I'm asking, being a mathematical generalisation of a fairly simple idea.

I'm curious to see what you think the answers to my questions are, without resorting to APR calculators etc

I'm not taking the piss here and don't wish to come over as a pompous ass!!




ATG

23,827 posts

302 months

Wednesday 27th November 2013
quotequote all
when are the fees paid?

ATG

23,827 posts

302 months

Wednesday 27th November 2013
quotequote all
when are the fees paid?

Jazzer

Original Poster:

1,758 posts

234 months

Wednesday 27th November 2013
quotequote all
Up front!

CobolMan

1,432 posts

237 months

Wednesday 27th November 2013
quotequote all
You need to calculate the monthly repayment first and, from that, derive the internal rate of return via an iterative process. Once you've got the IRR you can calculate the APR. It ain't pretty .....

Sharted

3,162 posts

173 months

Wednesday 27th November 2013
quotequote all
Just shy of 20% APR

Jazzer

Original Poster:

1,758 posts

234 months

Wednesday 27th November 2013
quotequote all
Interesting stuff!

Are you saying it can't be worked out quite simply from the given information, without resorting to time value of money, IRR etc?

CobolMan

1,432 posts

237 months

Thursday 28th November 2013
quotequote all
I spent quite a bit of time earlier this year rewriting an APR calculation program - most people who looked at it said it couldn't be done but they didn't understand the mathematics behind it.
My code allowed for a maximum of 30 iterations to calculate the internal rate of return to the necessary accuracy - you can't calculate APR with a nice simple equation due to the need to resolve the summation of terms involving powers to be 0. All good fun biggrin

Simpo Two

92,959 posts

295 months

Thursday 28th November 2013
quotequote all
Amusing to see that the standard way to express interest rates, which affect us all, is in a way that nobody can understand still less calculate. What numbnut thought that up then?


(Probably the same one who cooked up the way Skandia calculate pension charges...)

Mojooo

13,291 posts

210 months

Thursday 28th November 2013
quotequote all
Simpo Two said:
Amusing to see that the standard way to express interest rates, which affect us all, is in a way that nobody can understand still less calculate. What numbnut thought that up then?
Its a complex calculation and will always be one - so it cannot be simplified. Its a one fits approach to COMAPRE THE COST OF CREDIT. Contrary to what many people think its not an interest per se because it includes all of the costs not just the annual interest cost.

Its designed to allow you to compare the overall cost of credit - not just interest rate which is just 1 factor.

Don't think tis a big deal that the average person cannot work it out.

Simpo Two

92,959 posts

295 months

Thursday 28th November 2013
quotequote all
Mojooo said:
Simpo Two said:
Amusing to see that the standard way to express interest rates, which affect us all, is in a way that nobody can understand still less calculate. What numbnut thought that up then?
Its a complex calculation and will always be one - so it cannot be simplified. Its a one fits approach to COMAPRE THE COST OF CREDIT. Contrary to what many people think its not an interest per se because it includes all of the costs
Yes, I agree it is for comparative purposes.

Perhaps then a similar thing should be applied to pensions... as people are suddenly realising that their precious retirement fund will actually pay them 4p a year. Sorry, rambling.

Zigster

2,004 posts

174 months

Thursday 28th November 2013
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I'm going for 17.3% APR, but I might have misunderstood the terms of the loan.

Zigster

2,004 posts

174 months

Thursday 28th November 2013
quotequote all
And here's how I get there.

£17,000 borrowed. Initial fees of £3,000. Simple interest of 10% pa.

So total amount repaid of £25,100 (i.e. £17,000 + £3,000 + 3 x 10% x £17,000)

25,100 / 3 = 8,366.67 (annual repayments - i.e. equal monthly amounts of £697.22pm in arrears)

Solve for the rate of interest such that 8,366.67 x a3(12) = 17,000. (Apologies, don't know how to do the right subscripts and superscripts on PH).

Where a3(12) = (1-v^3)/i12
and v = 1/(1+i)
and i12 = (1 + i/12)^12 - 1

I cheated and used Solver to solve that, but I think you should be able to rejig the equation to solve for i without having to use Solver.

Fair chance I've ballsed up somewhere in there but the answer feels about right given the amount borrowed, the amount paid back, and the term of the loan.

Jazzer

Original Poster:

1,758 posts

234 months

Thursday 28th November 2013
quotequote all
Brilliant replies chaps, thanks for taking the time to write them!

Is it not the case that the total loan amount is £20K, with the effective loan being £17K?

It certainly provokes discussion and debate....check out the link below:

http://forums.moneysavingexpert.com/showthread.php...

ATG

23,827 posts

302 months

Thursday 28th November 2013
quotequote all
Yes, the interest payments And redemption would be based on £20 K even though they only lent you £17K

Zigster

2,004 posts

174 months

Thursday 28th November 2013
quotequote all
I know how to calculate APR; I don't know how loans work! smile I did wonder if I had got the terms of the loan right.

Feels harsh to charge you interest on the fees as well but the good thing about APR is that it would take that into account in the calculation.

Anyway, the APR calculation is as above except that the total amount repaid is £26K as interest is levied on £20K not £17K. This increases the APR to 19.0%. (I seem to think from some exams I did - 20 years ago! - that APR is rounded to the nearest 0.1%.)

Zigster

2,004 posts

174 months

Friday 29th November 2013
quotequote all
Zigster said:
I know how to calculate APR; I don't know how loans work! smile I did wonder if I had got the terms of the loan right.

Feels harsh to charge you interest on the fees as well but the good thing about APR is that it would take that into account in the calculation.

Anyway, the APR calculation is as above except that the total amount repaid is £26K as interest is levied on £20K not £17K. This increases the APR to 19.0%. (I seem to think from some exams I did - 20 years ago! - that APR is rounded to the nearest 0.1%.)
And that's not right either! D) The £3K initial fee is paid back immediately rather than over 3 years so allowing for that would push the APR higher.

sidicks

25,218 posts

251 months

Friday 29th November 2013
quotequote all
Simpo Two said:
Yes, I agree it is for comparative purposes.

Perhaps then a similar thing should be applied to pensions... as people are suddenly realising that their precious retirement fund will actually pay them 4p a year. Sorry, rambling.
You think that pensions DON'T work on the basis of compound interest (which is effectively what APR is designed to show)...!!